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- cover.jpg
- 9270_fm.pdf
- 9270_CH01.pdf
- chapter one: Olfactory predators and odorants
- Olfactory organs of vertebrates
- Comparing the olfactory ability of humans to other mammals
- Use of olfaction by birds to locate food
- Which modality is most important to snakes in locating prey?
- Which modality is most important to predatory mammals in locating prey?
- Characteristics of odorants
- Perception of odor mixtures
- Sources of odorants from mammals and birds
- Using odors to detect differences between species or individuals
- Can animals hide from olfactory predators by changing their odor?
- Can animals hide from olfactory predators by masking their odor with another, overpowering one?
- Factors influencing the evaporation rate of odorants
- Movement of odorants through the atmosphere
- The olfactory concealment theory
- chapter one: Olfactory predators and odorants
- 9270_CH02.pdf
- chapter two: Detecting and locating prey through depositional odor trails
- Creation of depositional odor trails
- Determining how long ago a trail was created
- Determining the direction of an odor trail
- Impact of environmental conditions on depositional odor trails
- How good are predators at following a depositional odor trail?
- Behavioral tactics used by deer and hares to escape from tracking dogs
- Locating home ranges using olfactory cues
- What prey can do to minimize their risk from depositional odor trails
- What olfactory predators can do to maximize the usefulness of depositional odor trails
- chapter two: Detecting and locating prey through depositional odor trails
- 9270_CH03.pdf
- chapter three: Using airborne odorants to detect the presence of prey
- The challenge of using airborne odorants to detect the presence of prey
- Impact of a steady wind on a predator’s ability to detect an odor plume
- How far can predators detect prey by sensing the quarry through its odor plume?
- Can prey reduce their odorant emission rate?
- Impact of wind velocity on odorant concentration
- Impact of turbulence on odorant concentration
- Differences in time-averaged and instantaneous views of odor plumes
- Impact of lateral and vertical turbulence on the size of instantaneous odor plumes
- Measurements of turbulence
- Spatial and temporal structure of odor plumes
- Effect of atmospheric instability on the vertical dispersion of odorants
- Diurnal changes in atmospheric stability
- Impact of atmospheric instability on olfactory predators and their prey
- chapter three: Using airborne odorants to detect the presence of prey
- 9270_CH04.pdf
- chapter four: Using odor plumes to locate prey and the impact of convection
- Locating prey through airborne odorants
- Potential methods animals can use to locate an odor source
- How moths locate sources of odor plumes
- How tsetse flies use odor plumes to find their hosts
- Do predators develop olfactory search images of their prey?
- Impact of wind velocity on the ability of predators to locate prey using odor plumes
- Impact of wind velocity of olfactory predators and their prey
- Effect of variable wind speed and direction on use of odor plumes to locate prey
- Convective turbulence caused by local topography
- Impact of local convective currents on olfactory predators and their prey
- chapter four: Using odor plumes to locate prey and the impact of convection
- 9270_CH05.pdf
- chapter five: Experimental evidence that updrafts and turbulence hinder the ability of predators to find prey using olfaction
- 9270_CH06.pdf
- chapter six: Turbulence caused by isolated surface features
- Mechanical turbulence caused by isolated surface features
- Impact of turbulence caused by isolated surface features on olfactory predators and their prey
- Mechanical turbulence caused by an isolated plant
- Impact of turbulence caused by isolated trees on olfactory predators and their prey
- Turbulence caused by shelterbelts
- Impact of turbulence across shelterbelts on olfactory predators and their prey
- chapter six: Turbulence caused by isolated surface features
- 9270_CH07.pdf
- 9270_CH08.pdf
- chapter eight: Turbulence within and below plant canopies
- Convective turbulence within plant canopies
- Mechanical turbulence within plant canopies
- Airflow and turbulence within forb and grass canopies
- Movement of a pheromone plume within a grain
- Airflow within the subcanopy of forests
- Differences in the movement of odor plumes above grass canopies and within forest canopies
- How does turbulence within a forest plantation differ from a naturally reproducing or old- growth forest?
- Impact of turbulence within a forest subcanopy on olfactory predators and their prey
- Airflow in savannas
- Impact of turbulence in forests, prairies, and savannas on olfactory predators and their prey
- chapter eight: Turbulence within and below plant canopies
- 9270_CH09.pdf
- chapter nine: Trade-offs required to achieve optimal hiding strategies
- Optimal hiding strategies for prey
- Optimal foraging strategies for predators
- How predators develop search images of prey
- How birds learn where to nest
- Interplay between a predator’s optimal foraging strategy and a prey’s optimal hiding strategy
- Trade-offs involving avoiding detection versus capture
- Trade-offs required to avoid both visual and olfactory predators
- Trade-offs between the need to avoid olfactory predators and to meet the other necessities of life
- Trade-offs between the need to reproduce this year versus during future years
- Trade-offs involving the timing of dangerous activities
- Trade-offs among injuries, illness, starvation, and predators
- Summary
- chapter nine: Trade-offs required to achieve optimal hiding strategies
- 9270_CH10.pdf
- chapter ten: Impact of olfactory predators on the behavior of female ungulates during parturition and on the behavior of their young
- Do females reduce their production of odorants at parturition sites or the bedding sites of their young?
- Is the behavior of neonates designed to hinder the ability of predators to find them using olfaction?
- Do fawns adjust the timing of their movements to avoid attracting the attention of visual or olfactory predators?
- Do female ungulates select parturition sites, and do young select bedding grounds where olfactory predators would have a hard time them?
- chapter ten: Impact of olfactory predators on the behavior of female ungulates during parturition and on the behavior of their young
- 9270_CH11.pdf
- 9270_CH12.pdf
- 9270_CH13.pdf
- 9270_CH14.pdf
- 9270_CH15.pdf
- 9270_APP.pdf
- 9270_REF.pdf
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